To own discovering intraspecific version off recombination rate inside the maize, i composed one or two half of-sib boards, you to definitely to have Drop and something to own Flint inbred lines. Dent and you will Flint are a couple of maize gene swimming pools which can be crucial getting crossbreed reproduction when you look at the European countries . The 2 half-sib boards composed a maximum of twenty-four full-sib families. The newest Damage committee comprises 10 crosses from a central Reduction inbred range (F353) that have varied Drop inventor inbreds of your Western european Reduction gene pond that have been created in European countries and you may United states. From the Flint committee a central Flint inbred range (UH007) was entered to help you eleven naturally diverse Flint inventor inbreds of your own European Flint reproduction procedure. New Flint originator traces originate from very early maize introductions to The country of spain and additionally out of so-named North Flints regarding France and you may Germany. At exactly the same time, one or two reciprocal crosses between the two main Dent and Flint outlines was indeed examined plus each committee one to get across for the You Damage range B73 try integrated given that a connection to the united states nested relationship mapping (NAM) people .
Here, we report on the analysis of the variation of recombination rate in 23 populations of maize using SNPs from the MaizeSNP50 BeadChip . All populations consist of doubled haploid (DH) lines obtained by in vivo haploid induction . DH lines produced with this method reflect female meiosis. Unlike F2 or RILs, DH lines have the great advantage that the genetic information of each gamete is directly observed. Our objectives were to analyze intraspecific variation for (1) GWRR and chromosome-wide recombination rate, (2) recombination landscape along chromosomes, and (3) CO interference, using high-density genetic linkage maps. We found significant differences of GWRR between individual populations as well as between Dent ? Dent versus Flint ? Flint populations, but not between the Dent and Flint gene pools in general. GWRR was not correlated with the genetic structure of the lines as inferred from admixture analysis. We analyzed the recombination landscapes in all populations and found significant differences between individual populations and between pools. Finally, we characterized quantitatively the interfering and non-interfering CO formation pathways and found a negative correlation over all chromosomes between interference intensity of pathway P1 and GWRR.
Results
We constructed two half-sib panels comprising a total of 24 maize full-sib families of DH lines for the analysis of intraspecific variation of recombination rates. The full-sib families within the two panels represent the diversity of important founder lines of the European Dent and Flint germplasm, respectively (Table 1; Additional file 1). In the Dent panel (prefix CFD), all full-sib families have the same common parental line F353 which was crossed to diverse Dent founder lines. The common parent of the Flint full-sib families (prefix CFF) is line UH007, which was crossed to diverse Flint founder lines. 1 plants for in vivo haploid induction, so our maps reflect only female meioses. Details on the diversity analysis of the parental lines are given in Additional file 2.
In every crosses, the fresh haploid inducer range was used just like the men father or mother whenever crossed into the F
Just like the a primary part of the study away from recombination, private genetic maps was indeed constructed for 23 out of the twenty-four populations and each of your ten chromosomes. Chart analytics are supplied into the Table step 1 with additional details in the Most file step three, as well as the done selection of marker ranks throughout charts having the fresh new brutal segregation info is considering inside the Even more document 4. In total, 39,439 SNPs of the MaizeSNP50 array could well be mapped from inside the at minimum one to populace. Over all communities, to 33,884 COs was basically noticed in dos,233 females meioses and, an average of, eleven,988 SNPs was basically mapped in one single offered society. The average for Reduction ? Damage populations (all CFD except CFD01) is 13,247 markers mapped and Flint ? Flint populations (all CFF but CFF01 and you will CFF02) the typical was nine,874. To own people CFF05, and that composed just 34 DHs, no steady www.datingranking.net/pl/elite-singles-recenzja map would be received. The entire period of genetic maps varied from a single,180 centiMorgan (cM) inside the populace CFD05 to at least one,893 cM when you look at the CFF03 which have an indicate of 1,508 ± 185 cM (mean ± standard deviation). The average genetic map duration on 10 Reduction ? Drop populations (CFD02 to CFD12) was step 1,353 ± 99 cM, once the eleven genetic maps of Flint ? Flint communities (CFF03 so you’re able to CFF15) was basically, an average of, longer at step 1,645 ± 154 cM. The three maps out-of crosses ranging from Damage and you may Flint parents (CFD01, CFF01, CFF02) had an advanced average length of step one,570 ± 85 cM. The most significant pit within the a hereditary map try 53.eight cM towards long-arm from chromosome 7 (7L) inside the society CFF13, in which no SNPs was basically polymorphic between your mothers, most likely due to identity-by-origin (IBD). Details about genome-large range and you will IBD locations between parents of mapping populations come in More document 2. Synteny and you can colinearity of the genetic maps try compared to the brand new B73 AGPv2 genome construction. As a whole, a top arrangement is located, appearing the latest highest structure out of marker order across populations, that have couple exceptions due to the fact described inside the A lot more document 2.
